Life sciences and the One Big Beautiful Bill Act: Implications of tax changes

Life sciences companies may save by aligning tax changes with business goals

July 22, 2025
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Federal tax Biopharma International tax Transfer pricing
Tax policy Life sciences Medtech Accounting methods

Executive summary: Business tax relief for life sciences companies

The One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) introduces wide-ranging tax changes that could significantly affect life sciences companies. Key impacts include:

  • Research and development: Restored immediate expensing of U.S.-based R&D costs may improve cash flow and incentivize domestic innovation, especially for small and midsize companies navigating capital constraints.
  • Cost of capital: Permanent 100% bonus depreciation and new incentives for qualified production property may free up cash for innovation and expansion.
  • Capital investment: Revised gain exclusion rules for qualified small business stock could unlock new investor interest and support long-term innovation.
  • Entity structure: Enhanced small business stock exclusions may influence entity choice and investment timing.
  • Global footprint and supply chain: Reforms to FDII (now FDDEI), GILTI (now NCTI), and BEAT, along with ongoing tariff pressures, require reassessment of cross-border structures and sourcing strategies.

Life sciences companies have a tax policy roadmap for the foreseeable future now that the broad taxation-and-spending package became law on July 4, 2025. The OBBBA echoes the administration’s desire to spur economic growth and protect national security, following other initiatives that affect life sciences, such as tariffs and the Commissioner’s National Priority Review Voucher Program.

Below, we highlight for life sciences companies several key business issues that OBBBA tax changes could affect, and we suggest actions companies should consider taking to align their business objectives accordingly.

Adapting to OBBBA changes: Next steps for life sciences companies

OBBBA tax provisions represent significant opportunities for life sciences companies, but they come with eligibility rules and planning considerations. Companies can align their business objectives to OBBBA changes by taking the corresponding actions suggested above.

More generally, life sciences companies can take the following steps to adapt to the OBBBA:

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